SERIAL GLASGOW COMA SCALE ASSESSMENT DURING THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF MODERATE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT COMORBIDITY PROFILES: A CASE SERIES

Abstract

Background: Moderate head injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality that requires prompt management to prevent secondary brain injury. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is commonly used to assess consciousness and monitor neurological status. This case series describes the use of GCS as an indicator of management success in patients with moderate head injury in the Emergency Department. Investigation and Diagnosis: Patients underwent ABCDE assessment, GCS evaluation, vital sign monitoring, and supporting examinations. Based on clinical findings and GCS scores of 9–12, all patients were diagnosed with moderate head injury, while mild head injury, severe head injury, and intracranial hemorrhage were excluded.Management: Patients received emergency management according to trauma protocols, with serial GCS assessments used to monitor neurological improvement during treatment.Outcome:Two patients showed increased GCS scores after management, while one remained stable. Serial GCS assessments were useful in evaluating patient progress and management outcomes.Conclusion: : The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a useful tool for evaluating management outcomes in moderate head injury, with improvements or stable scores reflecting neurological status during treatment.