FAMILY NURSING APPROACHES FOR CHRONIC DISEASE SELF-CARE AT HOME

Abstract

Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, and chronic kidney disease are among the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. According to the WHO, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for approximately 74% of global deaths, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries. The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases places substantial pressure on healthcare systems and highlights the importance of long-term management strategies that extend beyond hospital settings. Family-centered home care has therefore become an essential component of comprehensive chronic disease management 

Most individuals with chronic illnesses spend only a small proportion of their time receiving professional healthcare, while the majority of disease management occurs at home. Daily self-care activities—including medication adherence, dietary regulation, physical activity, symptom monitoring, and timely utilization of healthcare services—are fundamental determinants of disease control and prevention of complications. However, many patients experience difficulties maintaining these behaviors consistently due to limited health literacy, inadequate social support, psychological stress, financial constraints, and complex treatment regimens